吉祥天母圣像

肃火斤

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Central Tibet

1700 - 1799

Gelug Lineage

83.82x57.79cm (33x22.75in)

Ground Mineral Pigment, Fine Gold Line, Black Background on Cotton

Collection of Shelley & Donald Rubin

Shri Devi, Magzor Gyalmo (Tibetan: pal den lha mo, mag gyi zor le, gyal mo. English: Glorious Goddess, the Queen who Repels Armies, or the Queen who has the power to turn back armies. Sanskrit: Shri Devi, Yakshi Remati): belonging to the larger class of enlightened protector deities known as Shri Devi. Magzor Gyalmo is regarded as a wrathful emanation of the peaceful goddess Sarasvati, popular in Hinduism and Buddhism.

"... Shri Devi Remati, Queen of the Army Repelling Weapons, riding a mule, blue-black in colour, with one face and two hands, having bared fangs and gnashing down on a human corpse. Possessing three round red eyes, and the forehead furrowed into a frown, brown hair flowing upwards with licks of flame and smoke issuing forth. The right ear is adorned with a poisonous snake and the left with a lion, crowned with five dry human skulls and a necklace of fifty blood dripping wet [heads] strung with intestines. ... having a lower garment of tiger skin, a snake belt and necklace, etc. The right hand holds to the sky a sandalwood stick marked with a vajra. The left holds to the heart a mustard seed and blood filled skullcup. ... At the level of the navel is a sun and at the crown of the head a crescent moon; above the head is a peacock parasol canopy." (Sharchen Champa Kunga Tashi 1558-1603, TBRC P778. Drub Tab Kun Tu vol.9, pp.606-607. TBRC W19221).

The textual source for Magzor Gyalmo is the Dakinyagnijihajvala Tantra, Dege Kanjur, volume 98, pp.223-253. It is found in the Nyingma Tantra section, vol.3. TBRC w22084.

At the top center is Je Drub Khang Rinchen (1641-1713) with the right hand raised to the heart, the left holding a religious text in the lap and seated on a pink lotus seat. To the right is Khardo Rinchen (1672-1749) holding a black begging bowl in the right hand and the left extended over the knee. Again to the right is Ponlob Puntsog Gyatso (17th century) with the right hand raised and the left supporting a text at the heart. To the left of the central figure is Gyalwa Ngapa Chenpo, the 5th Dalai Lama (1617-1682) recognizable by the characteristic moustache and ritual purba (Skt: kila) under his sash at the waist. He holds upraised in the right hand the stem of a white lotus blossoming over the right shoulder and with the left cradles a golden eight spoked wheel in the lap. At the far left is Panchen Lobzang Yeshe, the 2nd Panchen Lama, holding a begging bowl across the right knee and with the left hand performs the gesture of blessing at the heart. All five teachers wear orange monastic robes and the pointed yellow hat of the Gelugpa School.

At the bottom center is the indigenous Tibetan mountain goddess Tseringma riding atop a blue snow lion accompanied by her four sisters. White in colour, youthful and beautiful, she holds aloft in the right hand a gold vajra scepter. The left hand holds to the heart a golden vase. At the sides the four sisters each hold their own objects and ride different animal mounts.

An inscription on the back gives the names of four donors; Purbu Chog Ngagwang Champa (1682-1762), Lobzang Dargye the 49th Ganden Tripa, Champa Yeshe and Lobzang Trinle (1697-1761).

Teachers of the Zhang, Mu and Sakya Lineages: Vajradhara, [Guhyapati Varapani], Pandita Lawa Marpo, [Pandita Sherab Salwa], Che Jungne Zangpo, Nub Gyalwa Yeshe, Shang Chogdru Sherab Lama, Se Sangha Bhadra, Se Palchen Odpo, Se Shang Dode Tsemo, Shang Dingriwa Nyima Drag, Tenzangwa Rinchen Namgyal, Samlingpa Sanggye Jungwa, Jamyang Khonton Tugje Rinchen, j Jangsem Rinchen Gonpo, Choje Nyima Shenyen, Choje Konchog Pal Zangpo, Jetsun Jamyang Gonpo, Bodongpa Jamyang Raltri, Namkha Monlam, Je Namkhai Nyingpo, Je Namkha Gyaltsen, Chagyurwa Sonam Sengge, Yang Gonpa Palden Tashi, Ngag Chang Kunga Rinchen, Ngorchen Konchog Palden, Sharchen Champa Kunga Tashi, Sharchen Sherab Jungne, Sharpa Yeshe Zangpo, Kedrub Sanggye Puntsog.

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噶萨尔

:victory:

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