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佛教传入早期中国僧人的姓氏

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发表于 2005-6-29 22:13 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27.35pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; FONT-FAMILY: 华文新魏">佛教传入早期中国僧人的姓氏<SPAN lang=EN-US><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71"><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT size=3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><FONT size=3>《高僧传》卷五《道安传》:</FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 19.2pt 0pt 17.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71; mso-para-margin-right: 1.83gd; mso-para-margin-top: 0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom: .0001pt; mso-para-margin-left: 1.71gd"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312"><FONT size=3>初,魏晋沙门依师为姓,故姓各不同。安以为大师之本,莫尊释迦,乃以“释”命氏。後获《增一阿含》,果称:“四河入海,无复河名,四姓为沙门,皆称释种。”既悬与经符,遂为永式。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71"><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT size=3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><FONT size=3>佛教传入前期,“沙门依师为姓,故姓各不同。”而最早的师资又是“外来的和尚”,他们(多半)都是“以国为姓”(或依国家的皇室姓氏为姓氏,据说因为这些人本就都是皇族),所以早期的僧团里姓氏五花八门(,当然也可以看出中国当时的外交实力和地域影响)。下面依所来的国家举些例子,有些比较含胡,所以不很全(汤用彤的《汉魏两晋南北朝佛教史》里好像有,有谁帮忙翻翻):</FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71"><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT size=3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><FONT size=3>天竺:姓“竺”;竺法兰、竺佛图澄</FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><FONT size=3>大月支:支;支谶(支楼迦谶)</FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><FONT size=3>安息:安;安清(安世高)</FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><FONT size=3>康居:康;康僧会</FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><FONT size=3>于阗:于;于法开</FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><FONT size=3>龟兹:白、帛。帛尸梨密多罗</FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71"><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT size=3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><FONT size=3>清案:</FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><FONT size=3>《增一》所谓“四姓为沙门,皆称释种”,其中所谓“姓”是“种姓”义,和汉文化的“姓、氏”实在是很不同的。原文的意思只是说:佛教强调种姓平等。当然既然约定俗成,也就沿用至今了。这是汉传佛教特有的文化现象。</FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71"><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT size=3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">有趣的是,曾看到某位藏人(据说还是载进外国</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>N</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">部《名人谱》的知名藏学家)写的文章里,提到<SPAN style="COLOR: red">藏传佛教</SPAN>的“特点”,竟然说:以释为姓;不吃肉……一连串举出</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>N</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">条,叫我吃惊不小<IMG src="http://www.gelu.org/bbs/images/Emotions/14.gif">。后来“悟”到,知道他是抄汉文有关(戒律的)资料,忘了校对了<IMG src="http://www.gelu.org/bbs/images/Emotions/11.gif"></SPAN></FONT></P>
 楼主| 发表于 2005-6-29 22:14 | 显示全部楼层
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27.35pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; FONT-FAMILY: 华文新魏">再谈一件和姓氏有关的事——佛图澄<SPAN lang=EN-US><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71"><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT size=3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><FONT size=3>关于佛图澄姓氏的“出典”,主要见以下几种文献(当然还有《名僧传》,这里拣有用的说。)</FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71"><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT size=3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71"><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US>1</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">、《高僧传》说:</SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 19.2pt 0pt 17.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71; mso-para-margin-right: 1.83gd; mso-para-margin-top: 0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom: .0001pt; mso-para-margin-left: 1.71gd"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312"><FONT size=3>“竺佛图澄者,西域人也,本姓帛氏。”<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><FONT size=3>清案:这里的“西域”不能做“新疆”这类后来的地理名词看,早期“西域”的概念是要包括“天竺”的。</FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><FONT size=3>这里说姓“竺”,又说“本姓帛氏”,实在让人闹不清到底是“何方圣僧”?天竺?龟兹?</FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71"><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT size=3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71"><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US>2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">、在《晋书》卷九十五《艺术传》又有个说法:</SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 19.2pt 0pt 17.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71; mso-para-margin-right: 1.83gd; mso-para-margin-top: 0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom: .0001pt; mso-para-margin-left: 1.71gd"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312"><FONT size=3>“佛图澄,天竺人也。本姓帛氏。”<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><FONT size=3>清案:这也大致和《高僧传》给的资料相差不多。</FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71"><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT size=3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71"><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US>3</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">、《封氏闻见记》卷八</SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 19.2pt 0pt 17.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71; mso-para-margin-right: 1.83gd; mso-para-margin-top: 0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom: .0001pt; mso-para-margin-left: 1.71gd"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312"><FONT size=3>佛图澄姓<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 19.2pt 0pt 17.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71; mso-para-margin-right: 1.83gd; mso-para-margin-top: 0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom: .0001pt; mso-para-margin-left: 1.71gd"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">刑州内邱县西右中邱城寺有碑,后赵石勒光初五年所立也。碑云:</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-ascii-font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">太和上佛图澄者,天竺大国附宾小王之元子。本姓湿,所以言湿者,思润理国,泽被无外,是以号之为湿。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-ascii-font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">按《高僧传》、《名僧传》、《晋书</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-ascii-font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">·</SPAN></FONT><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312"><FONT size=3>艺术传》,佛图澄并无此姓。今云姓湿,亦异闻也。大历中,余因行县,憩于此寺,读碑见之。写寄陆长源,长源大喜,复书致谢。</FONT><A title="" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1" href="http://www.gelu.org/bbs/ShowPost.asp?id=1634#_ftn1" name=_ftnref1><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-special-character: footnote"><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">[1]</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71"><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT size=3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><FONT size=3>清案:这就一下子复杂了。又姓“湿”了?</FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">但是,碑文所说:“所以言湿者,思润理国,泽被无外,是以号之为湿”</SPAN> <SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">的说法不可信,可能的倒是,是西北天竺“迦<SPAN style="COLOR: red">湿</SPAN>弥罗”人而称“湿”姓。</SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71"><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT size=3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><FONT size=3>呵呵,提供点佛教掌故知识,小道,小道……</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT size=3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>&lt;DIV style="mso-element: footnote-list"><BR clear=all><FONT size=3><HR align=left width="33%" SIZE=1></FONT>&lt;DIV id=ftn1 style="mso-element: footnote"><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><A title="" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1" href="http://www.gelu.org/bbs/ShowPost.asp?id=1634#_ftnref1" name=_ftn1><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-special-character: footnote"><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">[1]</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A><SPAN lang=EN-US> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">另外,陈寅恪说《负暄杂录》也引了此说,文字有不同:</SPAN></P><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: red; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">邢</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">州内邱县西古中邱城<SPAN style="COLOR: red">寺碑</SPAN>,<SPAN style="COLOR: red">乃</SPAN>后赵石勒光初五年所立也。碑云:</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-ascii-font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: red; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">大和尚</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">佛图澄者,<SPAN style="COLOR: red">乃</SPAN>天竺大国附宾小王之元子。本姓湿,所以言湿者,思润理国,泽被<SPAN style="COLOR: red">四方</SPAN>,是以<SPAN style="COLOR: red">湿为姓。</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">”</SPAN></P><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">两处差别还不小。<?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" /><st1:PersonName w:st="on" ProductID="陈">陈</st1:PersonName>先生以为此说不可靠,当是!</SPAN></P>&lt;/DIV>&lt;/DIV>
发表于 2005-6-30 00:03 | 显示全部楼层
我愿法师开显正教,所谓“正值舍方便,但求无上道”,希望能够更多地聆听法师对于“法”的教导,而非其它!
发表于 2005-6-30 08:49 | 显示全部楼层
<span id="yu7680"><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><font size="3">&gt;&gt;早期“西域”的概念是要包括“天竺”的<br><br>应该不包括吧,西域应该是新疆 -〉伊朗,这些区域吧。<br><br></font></span></span>
 楼主| 发表于 2005-6-30 12:53 | 显示全部楼层
<P><SPAN id=yu7684>答复:</SPAN></P><P><SPAN>1、龙吟:我愿法师开显正教,所谓“正值舍方便,但求无上道”,希望能够更多地聆听法师对于“法”的教导,而非其它!</SPAN></P><P><SPAN>清案:各各为人悉檀。每个人进境不同么,讨论还应该是多方面的。</SPAN></P><P><SPAN>2、宗光:西域的概念……</SPAN></P><P><SPAN>清案:《大唐西域记》如何?正史的《西域传》《西戎传》如何?</SPAN></P>
发表于 2005-6-30 13:12 | 显示全部楼层
快上QQ
发表于 2005-12-3 11:07 | 显示全部楼层
<P>偶检旧帖,生起一疑:</P><P>依出家人的体统,沙弥可否冠以“释”姓?</P>
 楼主| 发表于 2005-12-3 19:31 | 显示全部楼层
<SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71; tab-stops: 18.0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><FONT size=3>习惯来说,出家就可以冠以“释”字,当然沙弥并不例外。但这只是汉族文化圈约定俗成的做法,印度,似乎当年并无此风,舍利子、目建连……后来的龙树、无著……都没有改名和冠以“释性”。所以南传和藏传,也都没有这个风格。</FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71; tab-stops: 18.0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT size=3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71; tab-stops: 18.0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><FONT size=3>再打点闲岔<IMG src="http://www.gelu.org/bbs/images/Emotions/66.gif"></FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71; tab-stops: 18.0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT size=3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71; tab-stops: 18.0pt"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">我说出家冠以“释性”这是汉族文化圈的风格,可是我看到一本现代藏人学者介绍格鲁五大部的《佛学原理研究——论藏传佛教显宗五大部》书中,呵呵,却有一种奇谈怪论!此书介绍《律宗论》</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>P330-331</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">时说:</SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71; tab-stops: 18.0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT size=3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71; tab-stops: 18.0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312"><FONT size=3>而藏地各寺出家僧众遵行的比丘大戒以外,共通推崇的戒律特点有三:<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71; tab-stops: list 18.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-bidi-font-family: 楷体_GB2312"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT size=3>1、</FONT><SPAN style="FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312"><FONT size=3>出家僧侣不准用俗性凡名,而必须一概以“释”为姓,以律为本,取名于法,这是既接受了印度佛教的传统,又保持了自己民族的特点;<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71; tab-stops: list 18.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-bidi-font-family: 楷体_GB2312"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT size=3>2、</FONT><SPAN style="FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312"><FONT size=3>律定凡是僧徒,一般以素食为主,以戒杀生害命;<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71; tab-stops: list 18.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-bidi-font-family: 楷体_GB2312"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT size=3>3、</FONT><SPAN style="FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312"><FONT size=3>不行沿门乞食,安居本寺,持戒修行,但可务农自养,以减轻不劳而获之罪孽。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71; tab-stops: 18.0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT size=3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71; tab-stops: 18.0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><FONT size=3>大概是钞汉地哪本书没钞好,只是记得把“汉”字改成“藏”字。</FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71; tab-stops: 18.0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT size=3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71; tab-stops: 18.0pt"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">此书之问题绝非这一点,如说:“沙弥五戒”(——钞《戒定慧基本三学》时没看清楚);说龙树《中观论》的“八不思想”“足可说明‘物由心现、境由识变’的道理”(这大概是钞吕澄的《印度佛教源流略讲》没钞好);说龙树有藏译的《大智度论》、《菩提资粮论》(闻所未闻!);并介绍“藏译的”龙树《大智度论》之</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>16</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">空义(先见之明?——龙树《大智度论》还没有藏译本呢!);说格鲁的“大中观”如何高妙(不知道是钞宁玛的哪本书)……</SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71; tab-stops: 18.0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT size=3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71; tab-stops: 18.0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><FONT size=3>在汉地读大学,连“抄手”的本事都没学好,实在令人遗憾!(还能进啥啥《名人录》,看来《名人录》真不值钱!)</FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71; tab-stops: 18.0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT size=3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71; tab-stops: 18.0pt"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">但这绝非个别现象。我发现,从在家的“学者”,到某些现在有名的“著作等身”的僧人,抄起汉文(也有钞藏文古书的)书来,一个比一个有心得,反正居士不看书,钞呗!上次看某堪布的戒律书,让我纳闷</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>N</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">年——有部律和四分律,在居士五戒上的异说,咋就不见了呢?</SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71; tab-stops: 18.0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT size=3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71; tab-stops: 18.0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><FONT size=3>记得一首词说:“无可奈何花落去,似曾相识燕归来。”</FONT></SPAN></o:p></SPAN></P>
发表于 2005-12-3 20:00 | 显示全部楼层
<P><FONT face=宋体 size=3>"有部律和四分律,在居士五戒上的异说"</FONT></P><P><FONT face=宋体 size=3>希望法师能够详细开示,以利益我等。</FONT></P>
发表于 2005-12-4 02:30 | 显示全部楼层
<BLOCKQUOTE><STRONG>引用</STRONG>:<HR>原文由 <B>天青琉璃</B> 发表于 <I>2005-12-3 20:00:22</I> :<BR><P><FONT face=宋体 size=3>"有部律和四分律,在居士五戒上的异说"</FONT></P><P><FONT face=宋体 size=3>希望法师能够详细开示,以利益我等。</FONT></P><HR></BLOCKQUOTE>深有此意,无限赞同!
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