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圆测法师辨了不了义

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发表于 2005-6-17 23:18 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
<P class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 22pt; FONT-FAMILY: 华文彩云">圆测法师辨了不了义<SPAN lang=EN-US><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT face=宋体 size=3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B><FONT size=3><FONT face=宋体>《解深密经疏》卷第十八<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></B></P><P class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT face=宋体 size=3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><FONT face=宋体 size=3>第二:摄教分齐,显了不了者。先辨摄教分齐,后明了不了义。</FONT></P><P class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><FONT face=宋体 size=3>言摄教分齐者,诸说不同。</FONT></P><P class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><FONT face=宋体 size=3>若依真谛《部执论记》第二卷说。小乘三藏,名初法轮,唯小非大;《涅槃经》,名第二法轮,通为大小;《华严》、《般若》,名第三法轮,唯大非小。故彼《记》云:</FONT></P><P class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><FONT face=宋体 size=3>“佛教自有三种法轮:一、小乘法轮,即是三藏教;二、大乘法轮,说大乘与小乘异,如《涅槃经》,合明大、小乘义;三、一乘法轮,明大小无异,如《华严》等经,诸《般若经》,明三乘人同观二空理。同修真实智。故知大小无异也。”</FONT></P><P class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><FONT face=宋体 size=3>若依《解节疏》,如前说:第一说四谛法轮,第二说大乘《般若》,第三说谓《解节经》《维摩》、《法华》等。</FONT></P><P class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><FONT face=宋体 size=3>解云:真谛二记所说,自成相违。虽有两说,且依后释,顺经文故。谓四谛为初教;诸部般若为第二教;《解深密经》《维摩》《法华》及《华严》等为第三教。</FONT></P><P class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><FONT face=宋体 size=3>且依真谛判教如上。</FONT></P><P class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><FONT face=宋体 size=3>今解:诸说四谛者为第一教;说无相者为第二教;若约三性、三无性等,具显有无,尽理说者,为第三教,不约年月时节前后辨三时教。</FONT></P><P class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><FONT face=宋体 size=3>问:准何得知诸部《般若》为第二教?</FONT></P><P class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><FONT face=宋体 size=3>解云。如《般若》二百九十六云:“尔时无量百千天子空中散华,同声唱言:我等今者于瞻部洲见佛第二转妙法轮。”四百三十七、五百七、五百四十五、《大品》十九、《智度论》六十五皆同。</FONT></P><P class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><FONT face=宋体 size=3>后明了不了者。</FONT></P><P class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><FONT face=宋体 size=3>且依此《经》,于三轮中,初二不了,第三为了。所以者何?如上所说,第一法轮,隐空说有;第二法轮,隐有说空;第三法轮,具足显示空有道理,故名了义。非谓所诠有浅深故名“了”、“不了”。所以者何?第二、第三所辨无相,理无浅深,而具分别,显故名了;不具足说,隐故不了。</FONT></P><P class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><FONT face=宋体 size=3>由斯道理,了与不了,诸说不同。</FONT></P><P class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><FONT face=宋体 size=3>若依小乘二十部中,自有二说</FONT><A title="" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1" href="http://www.gelu.org/bbs/newtopic.asp?forumid=10#_ftn1" name=_ftnref1><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-special-character: footnote"><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Courier New&#39;; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: &#39;Courier New&#39;">[1]</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A><FONT face=宋体 size=3>:</FONT></P><P class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><FONT face=宋体 size=3>一、大众部、一说、说出世、鸡胤、说假、制多山、<SPAN style="COLOR: red">小(“小”字当衍)</SPAN>西山住、北山住、法密、<SPAN style="COLOR: red">余(当作“饮”)</SPAN>光十部同说:如来所说皆是了义;</FONT></P><P class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><FONT face=宋体 size=3>二、萨婆多等余十部说:如来所说有了、不了,非皆了义。</FONT></P><P class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><FONT face=宋体 size=3>依真谛师《部执论记》第一卷云:“若是未熟众生多,宜为说不了义经;若已成熟众生多,宜为说了义经。”</FONT></P><P class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><FONT face=宋体 size=3>然了、不了,凡有四句:</FONT></P><P class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><FONT face=宋体 size=3>一、语了义不了,如小乘经。</FONT></P><P class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><FONT face=宋体 size=3>二、义了语不了,如杀王子偈(如《杂集论》第十六云:“逆害于父母,王及二多闻,诛国及随行,是人说清净。”广释如彼。)</FONT></P><P class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><FONT face=宋体 size=3>三、语义俱不了,如外道经。</FONT></P><P class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><FONT face=宋体 size=3>四、语义俱了,如大乘经。</FONT></P><P class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><FONT face=宋体 size=3>了了易解为浅,不了难解为深。</FONT></P><P class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><FONT face=宋体 size=3>又第六云:“一切经不尽是了义”者,若称理而说,即是了义。不了义自有两种:一、语不了而义了:如“杀于父、母、王及诸王子”偈语虽不了,义实了也;二、语了而义不了:如释迦言:“我精进故,法久住世,余佛懈怠故,法不久住世。迦叶佛灭后,法住止七日;柯罗拘孙陀诃佛灭后,法住世十二年。柯那牟尼佛灭后,法住世六年。我灭后,住世二千年。此语甚了而义不了。”不了者,佛意明余佛不重说法,故名懈怠,一法止作一过说。释迦于一切法门作无过重说之故,名精进也,广说如彼。</FONT></P><P class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><FONT face=宋体 size=3>若依《显扬》第六云:“不了义教者,谓契经、应颂、记别等中,薄伽梵略标其义,未广分别,应更开示教;了义教者,谓翻前应知。隐密教者,谓多分声闻藏教;显了教者,谓多分大乘藏教。”《瑜伽》六十四亦同《显扬》。</FONT></P><P class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><FONT face=宋体 size=3>《大智度论》第九云</FONT><A title="" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn2" href="http://www.gelu.org/bbs/newtopic.asp?forumid=10#_ftn2" name=_ftnref2><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-special-character: footnote"><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Courier New&#39;; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: &#39;Courier New&#39;">[2]</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A><FONT face=宋体 size=3>:</FONT></P><P class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><FONT face=宋体 size=3>了义经者,有一切智人,佛第一;一切诸经书中,佛法第一;一切众生中,比丘僧第一;施得大富;持戒得生天;如是等是了义经。如说:法师说法有五种利:一者、大富;二、人所爱;三者、端正;四者、名声;五者、后得涅槃……是为未了义。云何未了?施得大富,是了了可解。说法无财施而言得富,得富者,说法人种种赞施,破人悭心,亦自除悭,以是因缘得富,是故言“未了”。</FONT></P><P class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><FONT face=宋体 size=3>(《显扬》了难了相对。此与《菩萨藏》第七浅深相反也。)</FONT></P><P class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><FONT face=宋体 size=3>又《菩萨藏经》第十八卷中,以九对辨了不了义:</FONT></P><P class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><FONT face=宋体 size=3>一、所有广文,名不了义经;所有广义,名了义经。(初广文少义,后少文广义)</FONT></P><P class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><FONT face=宋体 size=3>二、宣说于道,名不了义;宣说于果,名为了义。(因果相对:三乘行因名道,彼所得果名果。)</FONT></P><P class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><FONT face=宋体 size=3>三、说世俗谛,名不了义;说胜义谛,名为了义。(二谛相对。)</FONT></P><P class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><FONT face=宋体 size=3>四、说业惑染,名不了义;说惑尽书,名为了义。(染尽相对。)</FONT></P><P class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><FONT face=宋体 size=3>五、说呵染法,名不了义;说清净法,名为了义。(止恶、修善相对。)</FONT></P><P class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><FONT face=宋体 size=3>六、说厌背生死、欣乐涅槃,名不了义;说生死、涅槃二无差别,名为了义。(生死、涅槃、有别、无别相对门也。)</FONT></P><P class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><FONT face=宋体 size=3>七、说种种文句差别,名不了义;说甚深难见、难觉是名了义。(文句浅深相对门。)</FONT></P><P class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><FONT face=宋体 size=3>八、说文句广博,令心踊跃,名不了义;说文句及心,皆同灰烬,是名了义。(广略相对。)</FONT></P><P class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><FONT face=宋体 size=3>九、说有我、有情等,又说立有种种受蕴,无有主宰,名不了义;说空、无相等,无有我等,及三解脱门,是名了义。(我法二空相对门也。)</FONT><A title="" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn3" href="http://www.gelu.org/bbs/newtopic.asp?forumid=10#_ftn3" name=_ftnref3><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-special-character: footnote"><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Courier New&#39;; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: &#39;Courier New&#39;">[3]</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A></P><P class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><FONT face=宋体 size=3>若依《大集》五十四</FONT><A title="" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn4" href="http://www.gelu.org/bbs/newtopic.asp?forumid=10#_ftn4" name=_ftnref4><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-special-character: footnote"><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Courier New&#39;; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: &#39;Courier New&#39;">[4]</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A><FONT face=宋体 size=3>,唯有七对,而无第一、第三二对,余门大同。而差别者,《大集经》云:“不了义经者,分别随道;了义经者,不分别果。”此即《菩萨藏经》“因果相对”。然云“不分别”者,译家谬也。又,《大集》云:“不了义经者,多为众生说罪福相,令闻法者,心生欣戚;了义经者,凡所演说,必令听者心为调伏。”此即《菩萨藏》中第八“广略相对”,文虽有异,其意亦同。《菩萨藏》云“皆同灰烬”,即“调伏”义。</FONT></P><P class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><FONT face=宋体 size=3>依《涅槃经》第六卷</FONT><A title="" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn5" href="http://www.gelu.org/bbs/newtopic.asp?forumid=10#_ftn5" name=_ftnref5><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-special-character: footnote"><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Courier New&#39;; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: &#39;Courier New&#39;">[5]</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A><FONT face=宋体 size=3>中,声闻乘、无上大乘等七对,释了不了,广如彼说。</FONT></P><P class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><FONT face=宋体 size=3>此经所说了不了者,隐密、显了,释了、不了,如前分别。</FONT></P><P class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><FONT face=宋体 size=3>如是,诸教了不了义,种种不同,故不可以了不了言判教浅深!后当分别。</FONT></P>&lt;DIV style="mso-element: footnote-list"><BR clear=all><FONT face=宋体 size=3><HR align=left width="33%" SIZE=1></FONT>&lt;DIV id=ftn1 style="mso-element: footnote"><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><A title="" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1" href="http://www.gelu.org/bbs/newtopic.asp?forumid=10#_ftnref1" name=_ftn1><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-special-character: footnote"><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">[1]</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A><SPAN lang=EN-US> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">《异部宗轮论》:</SPAN></P><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">“中大众部、一说部、说出世部、鸡胤部,本宗同义者,谓四部同说……佛所说经皆是了义。</SPAN></P><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">说一切有部本宗同义者……佛所说经非皆了义。佛自说有不了义经……”</SPAN></P>&lt;/DIV>&lt;DIV id=ftn2 style="mso-element: footnote"><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><A title="" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn2" href="http://www.gelu.org/bbs/newtopic.asp?forumid=10#_ftnref2" name=_ftn2><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-special-character: footnote"><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">[2]</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A><SPAN lang=EN-US> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">《大智度论》第九:</SPAN></P><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">“……佛经有二义,有易了义,有深远难解义……</SPAN></P><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">依了义经者,“有一切智人,佛第一;一切诸经书中,佛法第一;一切众生中,比丘僧第一。”“布施得大富,持戒得生天。”如是等是了义经。如说“法师说法有五种利:一者、大富;二者、人所爱;三者、端正;四者、名声;五者、後得涅盘。”是为未了义。云何未了?施得大富是为了。了,可解。说法无财施,而言得富。得富者,说法人种种赞施,破人悭心,亦自除悭,以是因缘得富。是故言未了,是多持经方便,说非实义……”</SPAN></P>&lt;/DIV>&lt;DIV id=ftn3 style="mso-element: footnote"><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><A title="" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn3" href="http://www.gelu.org/bbs/newtopic.asp?forumid=10#_ftnref3" name=_ftn3><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-special-character: footnote"><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">[3]</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A><SPAN lang=EN-US> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">《大宝积经·菩萨藏会》卷五十二(即《大菩萨藏经》卷十九):</SPAN></P><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">“复次,舍利子,云何名为菩萨摩诃萨不依趣不了义经,依趣了义经?</SPAN></P><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">舍利子,诸菩萨等善能通达,即如先说所有广文,是则名为不了义经;如是广文不应依趣,即如先说所有广义,是则名为了义经际,如是广义则可依趣。</SPAN></P><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">又舍利子,何等经中以为了义,何等经中名不了义?</SPAN></P><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">舍利子,菩萨摩诃萨,依般若波罗蜜多故,善能分别,若诸经中宣说於道,如是言教,名不了义;若诸经中宣说於果,如是言教,名为了义。</SPAN></P><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">若诸经中,说世俗谛,名不了义;说胜义谛,名为了义。</SPAN></P><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">若诸经中,宣说作业、烦恼、惑染,名不了义;若有宣说烦恼、业尽,是名了义。</SPAN></P><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">若诸经中,宣说诃责染污之法,名不了义;若有宣说修治清净,如是法者,是名了义。</SPAN></P><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">若诸经中,有所宣说厌背生死,欣乐涅盘,名不了义;若有宣说生死、涅盘二无差别,是名了义。</SPAN></P><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">若诸经中,宣说种种文句差别,名不了义;若说甚深难见、难觉,是名了义。</SPAN></P><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">若诸经中,文句广博,能令众生心意踊跃,名不了义;若有宣说文句及心皆同灰烬,是名了义。</SPAN></P><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">若诸经中,宣说有我、有情、命者、养者、数取趣者、意生、摩纳婆、作者、受者,又说立有种种受蕴,无有主宰,如是言教,名不了义,不应依趣;若诸经中,说空、无相、无愿、无生、无起,亦无出现,无有我、无有情、无命者、无养者、无数取趣者及三解脱门,如斯言教,是名了义,则可依趣。</SPAN></P><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">舍利子,是名菩萨摩诃萨,修行般若波罗蜜多故,依趣了义,不趣不了之义。”</SPAN></P>&lt;/DIV>&lt;DIV id=ftn4 style="mso-element: footnote"><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><A title="" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn4" href="http://www.gelu.org/bbs/newtopic.asp?forumid=10#_ftnref4" name=_ftn4><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-special-character: footnote"><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">[4]</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A><SPAN lang=EN-US> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">文见于《大正藏》版《大方等大集经》卷第二十九:</SPAN></P><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">“尔时无尽意菩萨复语舍利弗……</SPAN></P><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">云何依了义经不依不了义经?</SPAN></P><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>1</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">、不了义经者分别修道;了义经者不分别果。</SPAN></P><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">、不了义经者所作行业信有果报;了义经者尽诸烦恼。</SPAN></P><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>3</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">、不了义经者诃诸烦恼;了义经者赞白净法。</SPAN></P><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>4</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">、不了义经者说生死苦恼;了义经者生死涅盘一相无二。</SPAN></P><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>5</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">、不了义经者赞说种种庄严文字;了义经者说甚深经,难持、难了。</SPAN></P><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>6</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">、不了义经者多为众生说罪福相,令闻法者心生欣戚;了义经者凡所演说,必令听者心得调伏;</SPAN></P><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>7</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">、不了义经者若说我、人、众生、寿命、养育、士夫、作者、受者,种种文辞,诸法无有施者、受者,而为他说有施、有受;了义经者说空、无相、无愿、无作、无生,无有我、人、众生、寿命、养育、士夫、作者、受者,常说无量诸解脱门。</SPAN></P><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">是名依了义经不依不了义经。”</SPAN></P><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">查,《大集经·无尽意会》亦即单行的《无尽意菩萨经》,可对应藏文的《无尽慧经》。《善说藏论》中所引的《无尽慧经》如下:</SPAN></P><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">“……《显句论》,《般若灯疏》,《中观光明论》等,说依《无尽慧经》如是安立了不了义,故今此中依据彼经,如彼经云:</SPAN></P><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>1</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">、何等名为了义契经,何等名为不了义契经?</SPAN></P><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">、若有安立显示世俗,此等则名不了义经;若有安立显示胜义,此等即名了义契经。</SPAN></P><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>3</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">、若有显示种种字句,此等即名不了义经;若有显示甚深,难见、难可通达,此等是名了义契经。</SPAN></P><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>4</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">、若有由某种种名言宣说有我、有情、命者、养者、士夫、补特伽罗、意生、儒童、作者、受者、无主宰中显似主宰,此等名为不了义经;若有显示空性、无相、无愿、无作、无生、不生、无有情、无命者、无补特伽罗、无主宰等诸解脱门,此等是名了义契经。</SPAN></P><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">此即说名依了义经,不依不了义经。”</SPAN></P>&lt;/DIV>&lt;DIV id=ftn5 style="mso-element: footnote"><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><A title="" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn5" href="http://www.gelu.org/bbs/newtopic.asp?forumid=10#_ftnref5" name=_ftn5><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-special-character: footnote"><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">[5]</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A><SPAN lang=EN-US> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">《涅磐经》卷六:“依了义经不依不了义经者:</SPAN></P><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>1</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">、不了义者谓声闻乘。闻佛如来深密藏处悉生疑怪。不知是藏出大智海。犹如婴儿无所别知。是则名为不了义也;了义者名为菩萨真实智慧。隐其自心无碍大智。犹如大人无所不知。是名了义。</SPAN></P><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">、又声闻乘名不了义。无上大乘乃名了义。</SPAN></P><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>3</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">、若言如来无常变易。名不了义。若言如来常住不变。是名了义。</SPAN></P><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>4</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">、声闻所说应证知者。名不了义。菩萨所说应证知者。名为了义。</SPAN></P><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>5</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">、若言如来食所长养。是不了义。若言常住不变易者。是名了义。</SPAN></P><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>6</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">、若言如来入於涅盘如薪尽火灭。名不了义。若言如来入法性者。是名了义。</SPAN></P><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>7</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">、声闻乘法则不应依。何以故。如来为欲度众生故。以方便力说声闻乘。犹如长者教子半字。善男子。声闻乘者犹如初耕未得果实。如是名为不了义也。是故不应依声闻乘。大乘之法则应依止。何以故。如来为欲度众生故。以方便力说於大乘。是故应依。是名了义。</SPAN></P><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">如是四依应当证知。”</SPAN></P>&lt;/DIV>&lt;/DIV>
发表于 2005-6-21 18:30 | 显示全部楼层
诸欲通达真实性者·须依佛语。然诸佛语由种种机·意乐增上亦有种种·当依何等求深义耶·谓当依止了义佛语通达真实。若尔何等名为了义·何等名为不了义耶。答·此就所诠安立。诠显胜义是名了义·诠显世俗应知即为不了义经。如无尽慧经云·「何等名为了义契经·何等名为不了义经。若有安立显示世俗·此等即名不了义经·若有安立显示胜义·此等即名了义契经。若有显示种种字句·此等即名不了义经·若有显示甚深难见难可通达·此等是名了义契经。」<BR>  若由显示世俗成不了义·显示世俗其理云何·又由显示胜义而成了义·显示胜义复云何显。即彼经中明显宣说·如彼经云·「若有由其种种名言·宣说有我·有情·命者·养者·士夫·补特伽罗·意生·儒童·作者·受者·于无我中显似有我·此等名为不了义经。若有显示空性·无相·无愿·无作·无生·不生·无有情·无命者·无补特伽罗·及无我等诸解脱门·此等是名了义契经。」此说开示无我及无生等·断绝戏论是名了义·宣说我等是不了义。故亦应知无我无生等是为胜义·生等是世俗。三摩地王经云·「当知善逝宣说空·是为了义经差别·若说有情数取士·其法皆是不了义。」中观光明论云·「是故应知·唯说胜义是名了义·与此相违是不了义。」入一切佛境智慧光明庄严经云·「所有了义是名胜义。」无尽慧经说无生等是名了义·故定应知唯无生等说名胜义。故中观理聚及诸解释·应知如实宣说了义·以广决择离生灭等一切戏论真胜义故。何故如是二种宣说·而名了义不了义耶·谓由此义不能更于余引转故名为了义·或义定了。此义即是真实性义·过此已去不可引转·所决择事到究竟故。诸余补特伽罗除此不可引显余义·由其具足能成量故。如中观光明论云·「何等名为了义·谓有正量依于胜义增上而说·此义除此·余人不能向余引故」由此宣说之力·其不了义亦能了解·谓若此义不可如言而取·须引余义释其密决·或虽可如言而取·然彼非是究竟真实·除彼更须求彼真实·故非了义·或义未了。<BR>  有作是说·诸了义经是如实说·故若彼经宣说无生无补特伽罗等·应须执为全无有生补特伽罗。若不尔者应非了义·以其言声非如实故。然不应理·如是说法大师·现见众多了义之经·遮生等时加胜义简别。若有一处已加简别·于未加者亦应例加·是共法故。又此即是彼法真实·岂能成立如是说者为非了义。若不尔者·总破生故亦别破句·故不能立如是宣说了义之经。故经或论·叵不就其前后所说总体之理·唯由其中少分语句不可如言而取义者·应知不坏为了义经。又若彼语纵可如言而取其义·然亦不成非不了义。<BR>
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