唐卡图集(二)

肃火斤

附件80.
Damchen Garwa Nagpo (English: The Oathbound Blacksmith): wrathful worldly protector of the Treasure 'terma' Tradition. Four wrathful attendants stand at the corners.

Tibet

1800 - 1899

Nyingma Lineage

44.45x33.66cm (17.50x13.25in)

Ground Mineral Pigment, Fine Gold Line on Cotton

Collection of Rubin Museum of Art

肃火斤

附件81.
White Tara, (Tibetan: drol ma kar mo): the female Buddha of longevity.

China

1800 - 1899

Uncertain Lineage

66.04x44.45cm (26x17.50in)

Ground Mineral Pigment on Cotton

Collection of Rubin Museum of Art

肃火斤

附件82.
Nagaraksha (Tibetan: lui srin po. English: Naga Daemon), wrathful emanation of Manjushri, with nine faces, 18 hands and the lower body of a snake - protecting from noxious plagues caused by nagas.

Tibet

1800 - 1899

Nyingma and Drigung (Kagyu) Lineages

90.17x62.23cm (35.50x24.50in)

Ground Mineral Pigment on Cotton

Collection of Rubin Museum of Art

肃火斤

附件83.

肃火斤

附件84.

肃火斤

附件85.

肃火斤

附件86.
Mongolia

1800 - 1899

Gelug Lineage

53.34x35.56cm (21x14in)

Ground Mineral Pigment on Cotton

Collection of Rubin Museum of Art

Vajrabhairava (Tibetan: dor je jig je. English: Vajra Terror) with the consort Vajra Vetali (Tib.: dor je ro lang ma).

Bhairava is dark blue in colour with 9 faces, 34 hands and 16 legs. The main face is that of a buffalo, with a red face above and the slightly angry yellow face of Manjushri placed on top. Flames shoot from the tips of the horns. The three right faces are yellow, blue and red and the three left are black, white and smoky. Each face has three eyes, bared fangs and frightful expressions; yellow hair flows upward like flames. The first pair of hands hold a curved knife and skullcup to the heart embracing the consort. The remaining hands hold a multitude of weapons with the last pair holding in addition the outstretched hide of an elephant. He is adorned with interlaced bone ornaments, a necklace of snakes and a long necklace of fifty heads. The consort, Vajra Vetali (Zombie), with one face and two hands holds a skullcup and embraces Bhairava. The right legs are bent pressing down on a man, animals and various gods. The left legs are extended straight and press upon eight birds and various gods; standing above a yellow sun disc and multi-coloured lotus completely surrounded by the orange flames of pristine awareness. In front of the lotus throne is a large skullcup, on a tiger skin mat, filled with various offerings.

At the top center is the buddha Vajradhara, blue, with the two hands holding a vajra and bell to the heart; seated in vajra posture. To the left is wrathful Vajrapani, blue, with one face and two hands. Below that is Shadbhuja Mahakala, black, with one face and six hands standing on a white elephant. To the right of Vajradhara is Secret Accomplishment Hayagriva, red in colour, with three faces and six hands. Below that is Palden Magzor Gyalmo, blue-black, with one face and two hands; riding a mule.

To the left is Yama Dharmaraja, blue-black, with the head of a buffalo, holding a bone stick in the right hand and a lasso aloft with the left. Embraced by the consort Chamundi, he rides on the back of a black buffalo; surrounded by flame. Yama is the special protector for the central figure, Vajrabhairava. To the right side is the guardian of the northern direction, Vaishravana, yellow in colour with one face and two hands holding a banner and mongoose; riding a white snow lion with green hair. Below that is the avowed protector Tsi?u Marpo, red, with one face and two hands, attired in the garb of a soldier; riding a horse, holding a spear in the right hand and dragging a small figure by a lasso held in the left. To the left is another protector in the same garb, red in colour, holding a spear and bow; in a standing manner. In the left corner is Damchen Garwai Nagpo, blue in colour, with one face and two hands, holding a hammer in the right and a blacksmith?s bellows made of tiger skin in the left hand; riding a goat.

As a tutelary deity Vajrabhairava, also known as Yamantaka, belongs to the Yamari class of tantras and specifically arises from the Vajrabhairava Root Tantra (Tibetan: Jig je tsa gyu). All of those belong to the method (father) classification of Anuttaryoga Tantra. There are numerous forms and styles of practice from the very complex to the very concise with a single Heruka form. The main lineages to enter Tibet were those of Jowo Atisha, Rwa Lotsawa,Mal Lotsawa and the like.

This form of Bhairava with the central faces placed three vertically and three faces to each side arranged horizontally is unique to the Gelugpa School and true to a visionary experience of Lord Tsongkapa the founder.

Lineage: Shri Vajrabhairava, Jnana Dakini, Mahasiddha Lalitavajra, Amoghavajra, Yeshe Jungne Bepa, Mahasiddha Padmavajra, Marmedze Srungwa, Rwa Lotsawa Dorje Drag, Rwa Chorab, Rwa Yeshe Sengge, Rwa Bum Seng, Rongpa Gwalo Namgyal Dorje, Rongpa Sherab Sengge, Lamdrepa Yeshe Palwa, Je Sonam Lhundrup, Choje Dondrup Rinchen, Je Tsongkapa Lobzang Dragpa (1357-1419), etc.

肃火斤

附件87.
Maha Deva (Tibetan: lha chen po, English: Great God): also known as Shiva - emanation of Avalokiteshvara.

Eastern Tibet

1700 - 1799

Nyingma Lineage

35.56x53.34cm (14x21in)

Ground Mineral Pigment on Cotton

Palpung / Situ Painting School

Collection of Rubin Museum of Art

肃火斤

附件88.
Machig Labdron (1055-1153), 'the One Mother:' founder of the Cho Tradition of Tibetan Buddhism.

Eastern Tibet

1800 - 1899

Karma (Kagyu) Lineage

54.61x39.37cm (21.50x15.50in)

Ground Mineral Pigment on Cotton

Palpung / Situ Painting School

Collection of Rubin Museum of Art

肃火斤

附件89.
Mahottara Heruka.

Tibet

1700 - 1799

Nyingma Lineage

80.01x56.52cm (31.50x22.25in)

Ground Mineral Pigment, Fine Gold Line on Cotton

Collection of Rubin Museum of Art

肃火斤

附件90.
Tibet

1800 - 1899

Gelug Lineage

79.38x57.79cm (31.25x22.75in)

Ground Mineral Pigment on Cotton

Collection of Rubin Museum of Art

肃火斤

附件90.
Tibet

1800 - 1899

Gelug Lineage

79.38x57.79cm (31.25x22.75in)

Ground Mineral Pigment on Cotton

Collection of Rubin Museum of Art

肃火斤

附件91.
Eastern Tibet

1800 - 1899

Kagyu and Buddhist Lineages

58.42x41.28cm (23x16.25in)

Ground Mineral Pigment, Fine Gold Line on Cotton

Palpung / Situ Painting School

Collection of Rubin Museum of Art

Shri Hevajra with Nine-deities (Tibetan: pal gye pa dor je lha gu) the tutelary deity of Marpa the Translator, founder of the Kagyu School.

Sanskrit: Hevajra Tibetan: Gye pa dor je

Semi-wrathful, dark blue in colour with eight faces, sixteen hands and four legs, at each side of the main face are three further faces with the eighth situated centrally above. Brown hair flows upward like flame from each of the heads. Skullcups are held in sixteen hands. The eight on the right hold various animals looking inward and the eight on the left hold the eight worldly gods gazing outward. The first pair of arms folded at the heart embrace the consort. Adorned with a crown of five skulls, bone ornaments and a necklace of fifty freshly severed heads he has the appearance of being slightly wrathful and slightly peaceful. The consort Vajra Nairatmya, blue in colour, has one face and two hands. In the upraised right she holds a curved knife. Adorned with a tiara of five skulls, a necklace of fifty skulls and white bone ornaments, she is supported by the left leg with the right embracing Hevajra. Standing on two legs with the two remaining drawn up in a dancing stance atop the forms of four Hindu gods, a sun disc and multi-coloured lotus seat, Hevajra and consort are completely surrounded by the flames of pristine awareness.

Encircling Hevajra are the 8 goddesses of the retinue. At the upper right and left are blue Candali and yellow Vetali. At the lower middle are red Cauri and blue Dombini. At the lower left are white Shavari and blue-black Gauri. At the lower right are blue Pukkasi and green Ghasmari. They each have one face and two hands holding various objects, adorned with bone ornaments, a necklace of fifty skulls and stand above a corpse, sun disc and lotus seat.

At the top center is Marpa the Translator, with both hands extended over the knees performing the 'earth witness' mudra (gesture); attired in the garments of a layman. At the left is the famous Tibetan yogi Milarepa with the right hand cupped to the ear and the left holding a skullcup in the lap; wearing a white cotton robe and red meditation belt, seated in a relaxed posture. At the right is the lama Gampopa with the hands folded in the lap in the mudra of meditation; wearing the robes of a monk and a red cap.

At the bottom center is the wrathful protector Shri Devi Mahakali (Tib.: pal den lha mo), dark blue in colour with one face and four hands. In the first right and left hands are a skullcup and trident and in the second pair an upraised sword in the right hand and a lance extended outward with the left. She rides atop a brown mule surrounded by purple-grey smoke.

According to the Kagyu system of tantra classification Shri Hevajra belongs to the 'Wisdom-mother' Anuttarayoga tantra. From the various forms of Hevajra this figure is known as the 'Essence Hevajra' as taught in the root Tantra of 'Two Sections.'

Distant Indian Lineage: Vajradhara, Jnana Dakini, Bodhivajra Garbha, Arya Nagarjuna, Aryadeva, Candrakirti, Matangipa, Tailo Prajnabhadra, Naro Jnana Siddhi, Marpa Lotsawa Chokyi Lodro, etc.

肃火斤

附件92.
Eastern Tibet

1800 - 1899

Shangpa Kagyu Lineage

53.98x33.66cm (21.25x13.25in)

Ground Mineral Pigment, Fine Gold Line on Cotton

Collection of Rubin Museum of Art

Chakrasamvara and the Five Deities Tantra (Tibetan: khor lo dom pa [dem chog] dang gyu de lha nga) of the Shangpa Kagyu School.

Tibetan: Khor lo dem chog

In the central location is the deity Chakrasamvara embracing the consort Vajrayogini. Dark blue in colour with one face and two hands folded across the heart he holds a vajra and bell embracing the consort. Adorned with a crown of five dry skulls, gold and bone ornaments, a necklace of freshly severed heads and a skirt of tiger skin, he stands with both feet on the reclining forms of Kalaratri and Bhairava. Vajrayogini is red in colour, holding upraised in the right hand a curved knife and while standing on the left leg she entwines the consort with the right. Atop a flat sun disc and lotus blossom, they stand surrounded by the orange flames of pristine awareness.

At the top left is Shri Hevajra, dark blue, with one face and two hands holding a vajra and bell, embracing the consort Nairatmya, standing in a dancing posture. At the right is Mahamaya, dark blue, holding an arrow and bow, embracing the red consort, standing in a dancing posture. At the bottom left is Guhyasamaja, dark blue, holding a vajra and bell, embracing the consort, in a seated vajra posture. At the right is Vajrabhairava, blue-black, holding a curved knife and skullcup, embracing the consort Vajra Vetali, standing atop a buffalo. These four deities and Chakrasamvara comprise the 'Five Deities Tantra.'

At the top center is the buddha Akshobhya, dark blue, with one face and two hands. The right hand is extended across the knee in the 'Earth Witness' mudra (gesture). The left hand is placed in the lap supporting an upright gold vajra.

At the upper left and right are the two flowers of the Shangpa School. On the left is Red Khechari (Tib.: kha cho mar mo) holding a vajra in the right hand pointed downward and a skullcup upraised in the right with a katvanga staff leaning against the left shoulder. Standing above a corpse, sun, lotus and red tetrahedron she is supported on the right leg with the left raised up exhibiting dexterity; surrounded by orange flames. At the right is White Khechari (Tib.: kha cho kar mo) holding a curved knife and skullcup, with minimal adornments and seated in a revealing posture on a red triangle; surrounded by flames and a red sphere.

At the middle left is wrathful Vajrapani, dark blue with one face and four arms. The first pair of hands perform the 'Humkara' mudra joined at the heart. The second right holds aloft a gold vajra and in the left extended to the side a lasso. Standing with the right leg bent atop a corpse, sun and lotus, he is surrounded by the flames of wisdom. At the right is Vajravidarana, blue-black with one face and two hands holding upraised in the right a gold vajra and an upturned bell at the hip in the left. Wrathful, atop a sun disc and lotus he is surrounded by flames. At the bottom center is the 'Secret Accomplishment' Hayagriva, red, with three faces, six hands and four legs - wrathful activity deity of the Lotus Family.

Recent Instruction Lineage: Vajradhara, Siddhavira, Ratnasambhava, Ataya Vajra, Rahulagupta, Kedrup Chenpo Khyungpo Naljor Tsultrim Gonpo (founder of the Shangpa Kagyu School, 11th century), etc.

Jeff Watt 4-98

Numbered List:
1. Chakrasamvara
2. Akshobhya Buddha
3. Hevajra
4. Mahamaya
5. Kachod Marmo
6. Kachod Karmo
7. Vajrapani
8. Vajravidarana
9. Hayagriva 'Secret Accomplishment'
10. Akshobhyavajra Guhyasamaja
11. Vajrabhairava







View other items in:
Thematic Set
Collection of Rubin Museum of Art: Painting Gallery III
Buddhist Deity: Chakrasamvara (Main Page & Paintings)
Tradition: Shangpa Kagyu (Main Page)
Buddhist Deity: Five Tantra Deities (Shangpa)
Buddhist Deity: Chakrasamvara, Heruka


   

Copyright © 2010 Shelley and Donald Rubin Foundation.
Photographed Image Copyright © 2004 Rubin Museum of Art

肃火斤

附件93.
Tibet

1700 - 1799

Gelug Lineage

82.55x57.15cm (32.50x22.50in)

Ground Mineral Pigment, Fine Gold Line on Cotton

Collection of Rubin Museum of Art

Guhyasamaja (Secret Assembly) Akshobhyavajra in consort is seated central surrounded by the thirty-two deities of the mandala. The deity has three faces and six hands, is blue-black in colour peaceful with a slightly fierce expression seated in vajra posture.

Guhyasamaja has two main traditions, the Arya (Nagarjuna) Lineage and the Jnana (Jnanapada) Lineage. The subject of this painting is the Arya Lineage. Of the three types of Anuttarayoga Tantra this is the chief of the 'Method' (Father) class. Ascending above the central deity are an unidentified Gelugpa Lama, Je Tsongkapa and Vajradhara. At the top center are several lamas and mahasiddhas. At the bottom center is Shadbhuja Mahakala.