唐卡图集(三)

肃火斤

附件115.

肃火斤

附件116.

Central Tibet

1800 - 1899

Gelug Lineage

70.49x50.17cm (27.75x19.75in)

Ground Mineral Pigment on Cotton

Collection of Rubin Museum of Art

Yama Dharmaraja (Tibetan: shin je cho gyal. English: the Lord of Death, King of the Law): the special protector of the Vajra Bhairava cycle of Tantras from the tradition of mahasiddha Lalitavajra.

Fiercely wrathful, blue in colour, with a snarling buffalo face and gaping mouth, he has three eyes, sharp blue horns and upward flowing hair. The right hand holds outstretched to the side a skull stick, red and mounted with a white skull and gold half vajra. The left held upward grasps a black lasso entwined about the hand. Adorned with a crown of five white skulls, bone ornaments and a garland of fifty fresh heads, in a priapic state he gazes at the consort Chamundi, black, with one face and two hands holding a skullcup in the left and a trident in the right. They both stand atop the back of a blue buffalo pressing down on the prone figure of a man, orange sun disc and multi-coloured lotus blossom, completely surrounded by the brightly burning orange flames of pristine awareness fire.

At the top center is the bodhisattva Manjushri, orange in colour, with one face and two hands holding in the right the upraised sword of wisdom and in the left the Prajnaparamita sutra held to the heart. At the two sides sit four figures wearing monastic robes and yellow pandita hats performing various mudras (gestures). The figure at the lower left is in the typical posture and appearance of Lama Tsongkapa.

Along the bottom are 16 attendant wrathful deities, each with one face, three eyes and two hands, holding a variety of objects. The 8 males on the left are variously coloured and wear a lower garment. The 8 females on the right are black and naked; all surrounded by smoke or fire.

Yama Dharmaraja (also known as Kalarupa) is a wisdom deity protector of the method (father) class of Anuttarayoga Tantra attached specifically to the Vajrabhairava (Yamantaka) tantras and is found in all the Sarma Schools of Tibetan Buddhism. The Gelugpa tradition in particular hold Yama Dharmaraja in a special regard as one of the three main protectors of the School along with the Shadbhuja Mahakala (one face, six hands) and Vaishravana. These three were the special protectors of Lama Tsongkapa. Although similar in appearance and name Yama Dharmaraja is not the same individual as Yama the 'Lord of Death,' and King of the Ghost Realm, portrayed as the central figure in Buddhist depictions of the hell realms.

Indian Lineage: Vajradhara, Shri Vajrabhairava, Jnana Dakini, Lalitavajra, Vajrasana, Amoghavajra, Jnana Sambhava Bepa, Padmavajra, Dipamkara Shrijnana, (the Nepali) Bharo Chag Dum, (the Tibetan) Ra Lotsawa Dorje Drak, etc.

肃火斤

附件117.

肃火斤

附件118.
Shakyamuni Buddha Field of Accumulation (Tibetan: sha kya tu pa, sang gye tsog shing. English: the Sage of the Shakya Clan, the Enlightened One): surrounded by lineage teachers, meditational deities and protectors.

Tibet

1800 - 1899

Gelug Lineage

63.50x41.28cm (25x16.25in)

Ground Mineral Pigment on Cotton

Collection of Rubin Museum of Art

肃火斤

附件119.

Vajravarahi, Five Deity (Tibetan: dor je phag mo lha nga): principal tutelary deity of the Six Yogas of Naropa.

With a fierce expression, slightly peaceful and slightly wrathful, she is red in colour with one face, three eyes and dark yellow hair flowing upward, at the crown a black boar's head. The right hand holds aloft a curved flaying knife with a gold vajra handle and the left to the heart a white skullcup. In the bend of the left elbow stands an upright tantric katvanga staff, ornate with an orange streamer. Adorned with a tiara of gold and five white skulls, green ribbons and gold and jewel earrings, a garland of fifty fresh heads, a garland of flowers, a bone necklace, girdle, bracelets and anklets, she wears a long green scarf around the shoulders. With the right leg raised in a dancing posture, the left presses on a sun disc atop a prone figure. Above a moon disc and pink lotus seat, she is completely surrounded by the tight curling flames of orange pristine awareness fire.

In the four directions stand the four attendant Yoginis in the same appearance as Vajra Varahi. At the top right is red Khandaroha, to the left yellow Rupini, at the bottom right green Lama, to the left dark blue Dakini. The expansive open foreground is adorned with an offering display of wishing jewels, red coral, white conch and gold ingots. The tiered earthen landscape diminishes upward into a vast open sky.

At the top center is the 13th Karmapa Dudul Dorje (1733-1797) with the right hand in the mudra of generosity and the left at the heart holding the stem of a lotus flower. Wearing the orange and red robes of a monk, the lower body is wrapped with a yellow meditation cloak. The top of the head is adorned with a black vajra crown. Enveloped in spheres of light and ascending rainbow streams he sits on a cushioned seat indicating his earthly status.

This form of Vajravarahi is one of the special practices of the Kagyu Tradition and arises from the Chakrasamvara cycle of tantras belonging to the Wisdom (Mother) class of Anuttarayoga Tantra.

Eastern Tibet

1700 - 1799

Karma (Kagyu) Lineage

37.47x27.31cm (14.75x10.75in)

Ground Mineral Pigment on Cotton

Palpung / Situ Painting School

Collection of Rubin Museum of Art

肃火斤

附件120.
Manjushri, Sita (Tibetan: jam pal kar po. English: the White One of Glorious Melodious Speech), the bodhisattva of wisdom, from the Siddhaikavira Tantra in the tradition of Mati Panchen.

Tibet

1800 - 1899

Sakya Lineage

53.34x35.56cm (21x14in)

Ground Mineral Pigment on Cotton

Collection of Rubin Museum of Art

肃火斤

附件121.

肃火斤

附件122.

肃火斤

附件123.

Rangjung Rigpa'i Dorje, the 16th Karmapa (1923-1981). At the top center is Buddha Shakyamuni. At the lower left is Kyentse Ozer, the 2nd Kongtrul, and at the right Biru Kyentse the 1st. At the bottom center is Surmang Tenga Rinpoche.

Tibet

1900 - 1959

Karma (Kagyu) Lineage

45.72x26.04cm (18x10.25in)

Ground Mineral Pigment on Cotton

Karma Gardri Painting School

Collection of Rubin Museum of Art

肃火斤

附件124.

肃火斤

附件125.

肃火斤

附件126.

Tibet

1800 - 1899

Nyingma Lineage

74.30x49.53cm (29.25x19.50in)

Ground Mineral Pigment on Cotton

Collection of Rubin Museum of Art

肃火斤

附件127.

Chakrasamvara (Tibetan: khor lo dem chog. English: the Wheel of Bliss). The principal tantra of the Anuttarayoga Wisdom (mother) classification.

Tibet

1700 - 1799

Drigung (Kagyu) Lineage

139.70x68.58cm (55x27in)

Ground Mineral Pigment on Cotton

Collection of Rubin Museum of Art

肃火斤

附件128.

Vajrabhairava (Tibetan: dor je jig je. English: the Vajra Terror): wrathful form of the peaceful bodhisattva Manjushri from the classification of Anuttarayoga Tantra.

Mongolia

1800 - 1899

Gelug Lineage

83.82x55.88cm (33x22in)

Ground Mineral Pigment on Cotton

Collection of Rubin Museum of Art

肃火斤

附件129.