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格鲁教法史上的汉族高僧

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发表于 2005-9-7 22:55 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 30.8pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; FONT-FAMILY: 华文新魏">格鲁教法史上的汉族高僧<SPAN lang=EN-US><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT size=3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><FONT size=3>当然,我的意思并非刻意地强调种族差异:)但藏传佛教史上确实有过不少其他民族的“血液”,较多地象蒙古族、土族。其中亦不乏汉族高僧。就目力所及,略述一二,民国以后的高僧因为大家多半熟知,就一并不收录了。</FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT size=3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: -35.9pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-char-indent-count: -3.42; mso-para-margin-left: -3.42gd; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT size=3>(一)</FONT><SPAN style="FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><FONT size=3>拉仁巴格西</FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT size=3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><FONT size=3>说起汉族拉仁巴格西,大家多半会以为密悟格西是唯一的一个(什么“珍珠”就不谈了吧),其实在这之前至少还有一位,并起还建立了转世系统。</FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT size=3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71" align=left><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">据《安多政教史》</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>P124</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">记载:</SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT size=3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 19.2pt 0pt 17.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71; mso-para-margin-left: 1.71gd; mso-para-margin-top: 0cm; mso-para-margin-right: 1.83gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: .0001pt" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312"><FONT size=3>“……当时还有……色拉寺的汉族格西罗桑吉美等许多著名格西。汉族格西罗桑原为拉卜楞寺的僧人,是色拉寺麦扎仓拉仁巴。被东科尔呼图克图带至安多,定居在东科寺,有转世化身。”<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT size=3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: -35.9pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-char-indent-count: -3.42; mso-para-margin-left: -3.42gd; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT size=3>(二)</FONT><SPAN style="FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><FONT size=3>夺舍转世的东科尔活佛</FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT size=3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><FONT size=3>格鲁派中,夺舍记载似乎不多见,这是一位,而且非常有名。从这世起,这个转世系统成为朝廷“驻京呼图克图”。</FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT size=3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">第四世东科尔:多居嘉措,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>1621-1683</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">。</SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71"><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT size=3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">凉州汉族。据《安多政教史》记载,三世东科尔“圆寂”(</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>1639</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">年)后,“遗体”运往喀木东科尔本寺,形至苏曲河畔,遇一刚“死”的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>19</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">岁汉族青年正送往墓地……该青年“死”而复苏,自称是“东科尔”!(咣当——夺舍转世,见过吗?!汉人?!藏人?!可见“藏”、“汉”、“男”、“女”……都没太多真实意义)该青年遂同三世“遗体”一并送往喀木东科尔本寺,途中,由一世却藏南杰班觉剃度出家,授名嘉央嘉措,是为第四世东科尔!</SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71"><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT size=3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71"><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US>1646</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">年入藏朝拜,从四世班禅大师罗桑确吉坚赞受比丘戒,法名多居嘉措。在藏极受“伟大的五世”及固始汉等人的器重,受“五世”指派赴安多弘法。</SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71"><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT size=3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71"><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US>1647</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">年,于天祝天堂乡创建天堂寺,曾为该寺寺主。</SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71"><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT size=3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71"><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US>1648</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">年,于青海湟源县建东科尔寺,次年被召至北京,授予“诺门汗”之名号。康熙初年返乡,调解当地格鲁、宁玛派系纠纷。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>1665</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">年奉旨回京,康熙授予“蛮朱什利禅师”(即“文殊师利禅师”)印、封,自此历世都作为“驻京呼图克图”,任职京师。</SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT size=3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><FONT size=3>《安多政教史》里还记录了这一段话:</FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT size=3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 19.2pt 0pt 17.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71; mso-para-margin-left: 1.71gd; mso-para-margin-top: 0cm; mso-para-margin-right: 1.83gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: .0001pt" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312"><FONT size=3>“一般来说,虽值得思考,但也很有必要。圣·噶丹充分于以肯定,说道:<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 19.2pt 0pt 17.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71; mso-para-margin-left: 1.71gd; mso-para-margin-top: 0cm; mso-para-margin-right: 1.83gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: .0001pt" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312"><FONT size=3>密乘乃是佛教之精华,以此慈悲顺利夺舍者,具祥多居嘉措来转世。”<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71" align=left><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">《安多政教史》说“</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>45</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">岁圆寂”,那是从“转世”那个时候算起的。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 19.2pt 0pt 17.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71; mso-para-margin-left: 1.71gd; mso-para-margin-top: 0cm; mso-para-margin-right: 1.83gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: .0001pt" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312"><o:p><FONT size=3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 19.2pt 0pt 17.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71; mso-para-margin-left: 1.71gd; mso-para-margin-top: 0cm; mso-para-margin-right: 1.83gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: .0001pt" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312"><o:p><FONT size=3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: -35.9pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-char-indent-count: -3.42; mso-para-margin-left: -3.42gd; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT size=3>(三)</FONT><SPAN style="FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN style="FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><FONT size=3>大吉活佛</FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT size=3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: &#718;&#805;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#718;&#805;">第四世:降央吞珠</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: &#718;&#805;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">: 1853</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: &#718;&#805;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#718;&#805;">年生于江西计安府,二岁时父亲到康定做官,随父到康。一天家里人抱其上街,在街上看见上一世的管家阿旺扎巴,他就喊了两声:</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: &#718;&#805;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">“ </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: &#718;&#805;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#718;&#805;">阿旺扎巴</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: &#718;&#805;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: &#718;&#805;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#718;&#805;">,</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: &#718;&#805;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: &#718;&#805;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#718;&#805;">阿旺扎巴回头一看,只见一大人抱一小孩,等他反应过来,大人已将小孩抱走,未让阿旺扎巴与小孩说话。后来管家慢慢了解到这个小孩是当官人家的,他去要求,这家人不给,管家回庙求问护法,活佛能不能找到,护法叫不要去找,以后会回来。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: &#718;&#805;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">8</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: &#718;&#805;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#718;&#805;">岁时,他家附近来了一位西藏客人,客人回藏时,他就悄悄随客人走了,到拉萨在客人的帮助下,住在色拉寺读书,后来考上了格西,十一世达赖说他是汉族里第一个格西,特赐了他一个堪布的名称。回康定后,父亲还在世,不让他远走,在安曲寺住,在安曲寺当了三年堪布,父亲去逝后,他就回南无寺,当了四年堪布后就坐静讲经、传法,于</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: &#718;&#805;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">1921</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: &#718;&#805;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#718;&#805;">年</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: &#718;&#805;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">(68</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: &#718;&#805;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#718;&#805;">岁</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: &#718;&#805;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: &#718;&#805;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#718;&#805;">圆寂。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: &#718;&#805;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">&nbsp;</SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71"><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: &#718;&#805;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71"><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: &#718;&#805;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">(待续)</SPAN></FONT></P>
 楼主| 发表于 2005-9-7 23:37 | 显示全部楼层
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71" align=center><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: &#718;&#805;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#718;&#805;">(四)章嘉活佛</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: &#718;&#805;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #333333"><o:p><FONT size=3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">二世章嘉活佛,大概是汉族格鲁僧人中最负盛誉的的高僧了。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #333333"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #333333"><o:p><FONT size=3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">章嘉系统驻京始于二世阿旺罗桑却丹(公元1642</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #333333">——</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">1714年)。他出生于湟水南岩伊格沟的达秀村,疑在今青海省湟中县境内,父名张益华,系一移居海的山西商客,母名塔摩措,藏族,笃信佛教。出生不久,被当时任龙合寺法台的一世丹麻·崔臣嘉措(公元1587</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #333333">——</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">1665年)选中,并禀报四世班禅罗桑却吉坚赞认定为扎巴鄂色的转世。5岁时,即被送往龙合寺学习藏文,顺治七年(公元1650年)迎来郭隆寺学经,顺治十八年(公元1661年)去西藏朝拜,学经于哲蚌寺郭莽扎仓,3年后五世达赖喇嘛授给比丘戒,康熙七年(公元1668年)获哲蚌寺</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #333333">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">林塞噶居</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #333333">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">学位,然后转入下密院学习密宗,并于前后藏地,访拜大德名师,从而学通显密,成为一代名僧。二世章嘉在藏求学23年,康熙二十三年(公元1683年)40岁时返回郭隆寺。他在藏学经期间,阿旺罗哲嘉措是其主要经师。康熙二十五年(公元1686年),阿旺罗哲嘉措奉命去外蒙古调解扎萨克图汗与土谢图汗之间的纠纷,途经青海郭隆寺,因师徒关系,携二世章嘉同往。在外蒙古,经他们宣谕劝说,使两部和好如初。翌年,二世章嘉随师进京具奏,受到康熙帝嘉奖,是为章喜系统与清廷直接联系之始。康熙二十年(公元1688年),二世章嘉回到郭隆寺,任该寺第二十任法台两年。他与和硕特蒙古首领达赖洪台吉联系密切,曾亲往青海湖牧地授法、治病、禳灾、荐亡等,进行宗教活动。《卫藏通志》辑《御制语录后序》称:康熙三十二年(公元1693年),康熙帝以他</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #333333">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">梵行精纯,圆通无碍,西藏蒙古中外诸士之所扳依,僧俗万众之所钦仰</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #333333">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">召来北京,尊为他的讲经喇嘛,驻锡法源寺。康熙三十六年(公元1697年),二世章嘉奉命去西藏向刚公开的六世达赖仓央嘉措送封文,道经宁夏、青海,顺路劝导达什巴图尔等青海蒙古首领内附清廷。第二年从西藏返回交旨。康熙四十年(公元1701年)多伦诺尔汇宗寺建成后,康熙帝授权他为多伦喇嘛庙总管喇嘛事条之扎萨克喇嘛,住持汇宗寺。康熙四十五年(公元1706年),被封为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #333333">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">灌顶普惠广慈大国师</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #333333">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">,赐金册金屯,印重八十八两八钱八分。康熙五十年(公元1711年),康熙的第四子拨款购习巴图咱那的房舍,扩建法源寺,维修各殿,翌年竣工,清朝赐名嵩祝寺,成为章嘉梵修之所。二世章嘉在北京、内蒙等地传教深得清廷赏识,雍正九年的《御制善因寺碑文》中说他</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #333333">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">道行高超,证最上果,博通经品,克臻其奥,有大名于西藏诸部,蒙古咸所尊仰</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #333333">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">,要蒙古各汗王、贝勒、贝子、公、台吉等对章嘉呼图克图</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #333333">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">敬信无二</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #333333">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #333333">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">率其部众,听从诲导,胥登善域</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #333333">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">。《蒙藏佛教史》载,康熙帝还面谕二世章嘉说,蒙古各族奉法,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #333333">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">均尔一人之力,黄教之事,由藏乐向,均归尔一人掌管</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #333333">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">。自此,章嘉成为格鲁派在内蒙古地区的最高教主,与达赖、班禅和外蒙古的哲布尊丹巴,并称为黄教</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #333333">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">四圣</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #333333">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">。乾隆五十一年(公元1786年),乾隆钦定驻京喇嘛班次,章嘉为左翼头班,位居各驻京呼图克图之首,赏御用金龙黄伞、黄车,地铺黄毡,可</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #333333">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">乘轿车自由出入东华门</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #333333">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">。康熙五十三年(公元1714年)五月二十六日,二世章嘉于多伦圆寂。年底,其遗体龛座运回郭隆寺。他一生著述7函,多为佛学著作,附于北京版《丹珠尔》之后。</SPAN></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #333333"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
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发表于 2005-9-8 12:13 | 显示全部楼层
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发表于 2005-9-8 15:16 | 显示全部楼层
请问现在南无寺的大吉活佛是哪一位<IMG src="http://www.gelu.org/bbs/images/Emotions/18.gif">
 楼主| 发表于 2005-9-8 17:20 | 显示全部楼层
<P>现在南无寺的是就是第五世,上面这位的转世化身。</P><P>我现在不在上海<IMG src="http://www.gelu.org/bbs/images/Emotions/48.gif"></P><P>又,还有几位,未完待续<IMG src="http://www.gelu.org/bbs/images/Emotions/48.gif"></P>
发表于 2005-9-9 16:11 | 显示全部楼层
<P>现在拉卜楞寺还有一位,就是圣洁的德唐夏茸仁波切</P><P>祝愿德唐夏茸仁波切长寿吉祥如意!</P><P>南无德唐夏茸仁波切</P>
 楼主| 发表于 2005-9-9 20:54 | 显示全部楼层
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: -35.9pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-char-indent-count: -3.42; mso-para-margin-left: -3.42gd; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT size=3>(五)</FONT><SPAN style="FONT: 7pt &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><FONT size=3>仙密活佛</FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p><FONT size=3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">据《安多政教史》记载,湟水北部的仙密寺(清史作先密寺)“中兴”第</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>15</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">任堪布也是汉人。</SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">这位转世化身原先只在仙密内部降生,但都未经认定和未有转世化身的称号。这一世于</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>1655</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">年出生于庄浪城,“父名孙家角巴(藏文转译)”。出生后数月,自言自语道:“我是藏族,有寺院和僧徒,有哪些哪些佛(教器)物。”汉人都以为不吉祥,遂以血涂口,食以芜秽。当地官僚认定无误后,禀告高僧。即派出侍从,请求班禅大师予已认定,并赐与了教言和班禅大师像。彼母因梦境与僧人来访之情况完全一致,遂改变主意,同意将孩子送给寺院。</SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">坐床后,能识出寺院里一些佛经、相及僧人。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>16</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">岁入佑宁寺,学习努力,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>23</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">岁获林赛噶举学位。回寺院恢复讲修,重建寺院,建立法会制度。后当地兵乱,寺毁,遂赴拉萨,供施学修。奉师命回寺,重建并恢复讲修,建立起了《中观》《般若》《律本论》《俱舍》讲修,并得到拉萨授权,建立同于佑宁寺的噶举学位。</SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><FONT size=3>青海事变,年羹尧、岳钟琪带兵镇青海,寺院烧毁,僧徒星散。仙米活佛仍着僧装,并(应该是利用了其为汉人的身份)和官僚上层进行沟通解释,最后得到“赏赐”和恢复寺院的各级命令,再次于新址重建寺院,恢复讲修,逐渐兴盛……</FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">(他的下一世出身于</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>1762</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">年,就是说,此位汉族活佛可能世寿为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>106</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">岁。)</SPAN></FONT></P>
发表于 2005-9-11 22:05 | 显示全部楼层
本来佛法是不分种族和行别的,这就是最好的说明。
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